• 設(shè)計(jì)單位

  Delugan Meissl Associated Architects, Josef Weichenberger Architects

• 地址

  澳大利亞

• 建筑面積

  60000 m2

• 項(xiàng)目年份

  2024

• 攝影

  Christian Pichlkastner, Gebhard Sengmüller

Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof的新生活：Delugan Meissl聯(lián)合建筑事務(wù)所（DMAA）和Josef Weichenberger建筑事務(wù)所（JWA）將總站及其上方以Francis命名的辦公樓從區(qū)域中心的不可逾越的屏障轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾碌腁lthan區(qū)透明可滲透的中心。決定改造的決定性因素，即拆除、重建和增加樓層，是對(duì)項(xiàng)目生態(tài)平衡的重大影響。這意味著可以節(jié)省大量的二氧化碳。

New life at Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof: Delugan Meissl Associated Architects (DMAA) and Josef Weichenberger Architects (JWA) transformed the terminus station and the office building above it under the name Francis from an impassable barrier in the centre of the district into a transparently permeable centerpiece of the new Althan Quartier. The decisive factor in the decision to convert, i.e., to demolish, redevelop, and add stories, was the significant impact on the ecological balance of the project. This meant that considerable amounts of CO2 could be saved.

從一個(gè)分裂的社區(qū)到隨意的透明——弗蘭西斯和阿爾森區(qū)圍繞著弗蘭西斯-約瑟夫-巴恩霍夫（弗蘭西斯-約瑟夫站），一個(gè)新的城市和連接區(qū)正在維也納第九區(qū)建立。新的道路在Spittelau和Lichtental地區(qū)之間形成了一座橋梁，這兩個(gè)地區(qū)長期被終點(diǎn)站的鐵路軌道和以前無法進(jìn)入的前奧地利銀行大樓分開。占地2.4公頃的Althan quarter現(xiàn)在是該地區(qū)的中心連接元素。這意味著改造的主要目標(biāo)之一已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)：為社區(qū)提供更好的居住和生活質(zhì)量。

From a split neighborhood to casual transparency — With Francis and the Althan Quartier around Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof (Franz-Josef-Station), a new urban and connecting quarter is being established in Vienna's ninth district. New thoroughfares form a bridge between the Spittelau and Lichtental districts, which were long separated by the railway tracks of the terminus station and the previously inaccessible former Bank Austria building. The 2.4-hectare site of the Althan Quartier now serves as a central connecting element in the district. This means that one of the main objectives of the conversion has been achieved: a better quality of stay and life for the neighborhood.

轉(zhuǎn)換或機(jī)遇之美-該項(xiàng)目說明了城市發(fā)展和環(huán)境的潛力，在于現(xiàn)有建筑的改造。特別是在土地和資源稀缺的時(shí)代，保存和進(jìn)一步發(fā)展有價(jià)值的現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)是值得的。由于很大一部分所謂的灰色排放與鋼和混凝土支撐結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)，在弗朗西斯的案例中，轉(zhuǎn)換意味著巨大的生態(tài)效益：而不是拆除和新建27,595噸二氧化碳，轉(zhuǎn)換的價(jià)值是8,970噸二氧化碳-節(jié)省67%。根據(jù)可持續(xù)發(fā)展專家，建筑師和土木工程師Werner Sobek的研究結(jié)果，節(jié)省了122,480噸混凝土和10,944噸鋼材，這在原材料短缺和氣候變化方面具有開創(chuàng)性。此外，在翻新工程期間，本地居民的生活質(zhì)素得以維持。由于沒有拆除和重建現(xiàn)有設(shè)施，估計(jì)可避免10,000次貨車行程。必要的拆除、拆除和回收工作在建筑內(nèi)部和地下裝卸場進(jìn)行，最大限度地減少了灰塵、噪音和施工現(xiàn)場的交通。

Conversion or the beauty of chances — The project illustrates the potential for urban development and the environment that lies in the transformation of existing buildings. Particularly in times of land and resource scarcity, the preservation and further development of valuable existing structures is worthwhile. As a large proportion of the so-called grey emissions is bound up in the steel and concrete supporting structure, conversion in the case of Francis means enormous ecological benefits: instead of 27,595 tonnes of CO2 for demolition and new construction, the value for conversion is 8,970 tonnes of CO2 - a saving of 67 percent. According to the results of a study by sustainability expert, architect, and civil engineer Werner Sobek, 122,480 tonnes of concrete and 10,944 tonnes of steel were saved, which is groundbreaking regarding the shortage of raw materials and climate change. In addition, the quality of life of local residents was maintained during the renovation - an estimated 10,000 lorry journeys were avoided by not demolishing and rebuilding the existing. Necessary dismantling work, removal, and recycling were carried out inside the building and in the underground loading yard, minimizing dust, noise, and construction site traffic.

對(duì)現(xiàn)有建筑的研究和分析——在進(jìn)行新設(shè)計(jì)之前，對(duì)20世紀(jì)70年代的現(xiàn)有建筑進(jìn)行了廣泛的閱讀和理解。DMAA和JWA利用歷史規(guī)劃和文獻(xiàn)，分析并內(nèi)化了原建筑師Karl Schwanzer的最初想法，在拆除和改造之間做出了根本性的決定。在BIM（建筑信息模型）的幫助下，創(chuàng)建了現(xiàn)有建筑的數(shù)字孿生體，從而可以對(duì)混凝土立方體和可能的適應(yīng)性后果進(jìn)行全面研究?，F(xiàn)有建筑具有經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)化的鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的潛力，這在20世紀(jì)70年代是例外的，在靜力、噪音、防火以及建筑物理方面的適用性方面進(jìn)行了徹底的檢查。作為奧地利銀行總部，現(xiàn)有建筑的特點(diǎn)是鏡面立面和一個(gè)引人注目的、寬敞的、但幾乎未使用的樓梯。鏡面立面強(qiáng)調(diào)了建筑的封閉性，而外部樓梯的巨大姿態(tài)主導(dǎo)了Julius-Tandler-Platz區(qū)域。改造允許這些過時(shí)的風(fēng)格元素被移除。

Study and analysis of the existing building — The new design was preceded by an extensive reading and understanding of the existing building from the 1970s. Using historical plans and documents, DMAA and JWA analyzed and internalized the initial ideas of the 900 architect, Karl Schwanzer to make a fundamental decision between demolition and conversion. With the help of BIM (Building Information Modeling), a digital twin of the existing building was created, which enabled comprehensive studies of the concrete cubature and the consequences of possible adaptations. The potential of the existing building with its economically optimized reinforced concrete structure, which was exceptional for the 1970s, was thoroughly examined in terms of statics, noise, and fire protection, as well as suitability in terms of building physics. Characteristics of the existing building in its function as the headquarters of Bank Austria were the mirrored fa?ade and a striking, expansive, but almost unused staircase. The mirrored fa?ade emphasized the hermetic nature of the building, while the monumental gesture of the external staircase dominated the area of Julius-Tandler-Platz. The remodeling allowed these outdated stylistic elements to be removed.

新空間的發(fā)展——規(guī)劃過程的主要焦點(diǎn)之一是為社區(qū)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新的開放空間：新的城市空間、半公共空間、無障礙通道和開放空間的餐廳將被創(chuàng)造出來。辦公樓的尺寸和實(shí)質(zhì)被保留，但新的開放空間被創(chuàng)造出來，使朱利葉斯-坦德勒廣場以新的外觀和增加的可達(dá)性更具吸引力。新廣場位于街道地面9米以上，位于鐵路隧道軌道上方，內(nèi)部庭院連接著Spittelauer廣場、Lichtentaler廣場和julius - tandler廣場的寶貴開放空間。項(xiàng)目開發(fā)的決定性前提是行人的滲透性，對(duì)Julius-Tandler-Platz的開放，最廣泛的用途組合，城市核心區(qū)的再密集化，以及與城市空間的和諧融合。

Development of the new — One of the main focuses of the planning process was to create a new opening to the neighborhood: new urban places to linger, semi-public spaces, barrier-free access, and restaurants with open spaces were to be created. The dimensions and substance of the office building were retained, but new open spaces were created, making Julius-Tandler-Platz much more attractive with a new look and increased accessibility. Situated nine meters above street level and above the tracks of the railway tunnel, the new plaza level in the inner courtyard links the valuable open spaces of Spittelauer Platz, Lichtentaler Platz, and Julius-Tandler-Platz. Decisive premises of the project development were the pedestrian permeability, the opening to Julius-Tandler-Platz, the broadest possible mix of uses, the redensification of an urban core zone, and the harmonious integration into the urban space.

建筑物的正面從鏡像中解放出來。立面的新不銹鋼包層具有無眩光和光滑的啞光外觀，這得益于其精美的浮雕，而露臺(tái)為餐廳和辦公室創(chuàng)造了額外的開放空間，并與建筑之前的隔離設(shè)計(jì)相反。另一個(gè)規(guī)劃重點(diǎn)是設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)生動(dòng)的基地區(qū)?；氐拇箝_口實(shí)現(xiàn)了與Julius-Tandler-Platz的空間關(guān)系，使車站大廳更具吸引力，并與中央廣場層建立了誘人的聯(lián)系。在建筑的北后方，為了回歸到Karl Schwanzer最初的立方體孤立建筑的想法，從20世紀(jì)70年代開始連接辦公大樓和車庫的結(jié)構(gòu)被拆除。

The facade of the building was freed from its mirroring. The new stainless steel cladding of the fa?ade has a glare-free and silky matt appearance thanks to its fine embossing, while the terraces create additional open spaces for restaurants and offices and a counter-design to the building's previous seclusion. Another planning focus was on the design of a vivid base zone. The extensive opening of the base achieves the desired spatial relationship to Julius-Tandler-Platz, makes the station hall more attractive, and creates an inviting connection to the central plaza level. At the northern rear of the building, a connecting structure from the 1970s, between the office complex and the garage, was removed in order to return to Karl Schwanzer's 900 idea of a cubic solitary building.

重新致密化是通過一個(gè)兩層的擴(kuò)展來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，這個(gè)擴(kuò)展與建筑的輪廓相一致，因此幾乎不知不覺地融入了現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)的外觀。八層辦公大樓擁有寬敞的戶外區(qū)域，提供約40,000平方米的可用空間，可以俯瞰鄰近的宮殿，列支敦士登公園，并穿過市中心到圣斯蒂芬大教堂。與本地和長途交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的最佳連接是前瞻性的，所有主要的公共交通工具都可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)到達(dá)。與附近多瑙河沿岸自行車道的連接也同樣理想。弗朗西斯一樓有安全的自行車停車位。建筑的智能化在供應(yīng)和處理系統(tǒng)中也很明顯：這是通過地下裝載場組織的，從而將地上的運(yùn)輸流量降至最低。

The redensification was achieved by means of a two-story extension, which was staggered back in line with the contours of the building and thus blends almost imperceptibly into the physiognomy of the existing structure. The eight office stories with their spacious outdoor areas offer around 40,000 m2 of usable space, looking out over the neighboring palaces, Liechtenstein Park, and across the city centre to St. Stephen's Cathedral. The optimal connection to the local and long-distance transport network, with all major means of public transport accessible within a few minutes, is forward-looking. The connection to the nearby bike routes along the Danube Canal is just as ideal. Secure bicycle parking spaces are available on the first floor of Francis. The intelligence of the building is also evident in the supply and disposal system: this is organized via the underground loading yard, thus keeping above-ground delivery traffic to a minimum.

改造項(xiàng)目得益于現(xiàn)有建筑骨架結(jié)構(gòu)的智能經(jīng)濟(jì)。10米的柱間距和可拆卸的預(yù)制天花板為轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)計(jì)提供了最大的靈活性。高達(dá)3.5米的迷人房間高度，在新建筑中很少實(shí)現(xiàn)，提供了風(fēng)格和明亮。全面適應(yīng)當(dāng)今的安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、安全技術(shù)、建筑物理、靜力學(xué)和抗震性，并通過建筑材料的高生態(tài)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)獲得?GNI（奧地利可持續(xù)建筑委員會(huì)/ ?sterreichische Gesellschaft f r Nachhaltige Immobilienwirtschaft）的金牌認(rèn)證，強(qiáng)調(diào)了該項(xiàng)目作為未來城市轉(zhuǎn)型典范的重要性。因此，弗朗西斯轉(zhuǎn)換項(xiàng)目展示了現(xiàn)有建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的智能利用，并在生態(tài)可持續(xù)性和城市一體化方面樹立了新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

The conversion project benefits from the intelligent economy of the existing building's skeleton structure. Column spacing of 10 meters and the removable prefabricated ceiling allow the greatest possible flexibility for the design of the conversion. Attractive room heights of up to 3.5 meters, which are rarely realized in new buildings, provide flair and brightness. The comprehensive adaptation to today's safety standards, safety technology, building physics, statics, and earthquake resistance, as well as the achievement of gold certification from the ?GNI (Austrian Sustainable Building Council/ ?sterreichische Gesellschaft für Nachhaltige Immobilienwirtschaft) through high ecological standards for building material, underline the importance of this project as a model for future urban transformations. The Francis conversion project thus demonstrates the intelligent utilization of existing building structures and sets new standards in terms of ecological sustainability and urban integration.

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